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HN 280
H
THE INFERIOR PHARYNGEAL CONSTRICTOR MUSCLE & THE
N
2 OESOPHAGUS
LEFT MEDIAL PTERYGOID
PLATE OF SPHENOID 8
0 FASCIA A. SCHEMATIC LATERAL VIEW

N SUPERIOR
2 CONSTRICTOR
8 MUSCLE
MAXILLA
B 0
MIDDLE
A BODY OF CONSTRICTOR PHARYNGEAL
MANDIBLE MUSCLE RAPHE

HYOID UPPER PART OF
BONE INFERIOR CONSTRICTOR
SEE HN 220 MUSCLE

FASCIA: DEHISCENCE
THYROID OF KILLIAN
CARTILAGE

CRICOID
BODY CARTILAGE
CRICOID C6
CARTILAGE CRICO – PHARYNGEUS OESOPHAGUS
MUSCLE: SPHINCTERIC
TRACHEA PART OF INFERIOR
K.E.W. CONSTRICTOR MUSCLE B. SCHEMATIC POSTERIOR VIEW
OESOPHAGUS.
NOTICE: 1. THE OESOPHAGUS BEGINS BEHIND THE CRICOID CARTILAGE, AT THE LEVEL OF THE SIXTH

CERVICAL VERBRA. 2. IT HAS SPHINCTERS AT ITS UPPER & LOWER ENDS: CO-ORDINATED
RELAXATION VS PERISTALTIC CONTRACTION IS NECESSARY AT BOTH FOR EFFECTIVE DEGLUTITION
(SWALLOWING). 3. FOR THE INFERIOR SPHINCTER, SEE SII 104 & 111 . 4. FAILURE OF RELAXATION OF
THE UPPER SPHINCTER DURING SWALLOWING WILL LEAD
TO ABNORMALLY HIGH PRESSURE IN THE PHARYNY.
IF THIS IS CHRONIC, THE FASCIA OF THE CRICO-PHARYNGEUSM:
CRICOID CONSTRICTION &
CARTILAGE
C. SCHEMATIC CROSS-SECTION SPHINCTER*
AT ORIGIN OF CRICOID
OESOPHAGUS CARTILAGE
AORTIC CONSTRICTION
ARCH
AIR (cf. SI 143)
WAY RIGHT
PRINCIPAL CONSTRICTION
BRONCHUS
CRICO- (cf. SI 143)
PHARYNGEUS SEE
MUSCLE ALSO
(SPHINCTER) SII
LEFT 94
ATRIUM
OESOPHAGUS CONSTRICTION

(cf. SI 143)
BODY
C6

CONSTRICTION &
DEHISCENCE OF KILLIAN MAY HERNIATE, CREATING SPHINCTER*
A FOOD-ENTRAPPING DIVERTICULUM. FAILURE OF (cf. SI 143; SII 104 & 111)
RELAXATION OF THE SUPERIOR SPHINCTER DURING MUSCULAR
VOMITING PREDISPOSES TO RUPTURE OF THE DIAPHRAGM

OESOPHAGUS FOR SIMILAR REASONS (HN 28l etseq.). D. SCHEME OF OESOPHAGUS
5. DIGITAL PRESSURE ON THE CRICOID CARTILAGE CLOSES THE UPPER OESOPHAGUS, WHICH IS COMPRESSED
AGAINST THE BODY OF THE 6th CERVICAL VERTEBRA. A USEFUL MANŒUVRE - SEE HN 281 etseq.